Urgent warning signs — calf pain or swelling, fever, the knee locking — are one tap away, always.Something feel wrong?Red flags →
AFTER MACI
Evidence / Sources / E49

Vasiliadis HS et al. Malalignment and cartilage lesions in the patellofemoral joint treated with ACI. KSSTA 2011

Evidence strength 2 of 5
Case series · n = 92 · 12.6 yr follow-upMACI ITSELFFull text →
What it can tell you

The longest patellofemoral ACI horizon in print: at 12.6 years, 72% better or unchanged, good results preserved even in multiple and kissing lesions, and 93% saying they would have the operation again.

What it cannot

Modern technique performance — first-generation periosteal ACI, where realignment reduced hypertrophy but increased serious complications. The durability signal transfers; the complication profile mostly doesn't.

Everything on this site that leans on E49 — 5 claims
Read it like a sceptic
Median Lysholm of 70 at 12.6 years is a modest absolute number wearing an optimistic satisfaction figure — both are true, and the gap between them is informative.
Population
ACI, patellofemoral
Selection policy
Sources enter the registry through docs/research — the evidence table records design, population, and size for every entry, and pages cannot cite anything outside it.